Table 1 Age-related changes according to Priebe and Lakatta [5, 6].
From: Head and Neck Cancer in the Elderly: A Retrospective Study over 10 Years (1999 - 2008)
Influence | Age-related change | |
|---|---|---|
Organ function | Respiratory | - Increased chest wall rigidity |
- Decreased functional alveolar surface area, decreased gas exchange | ||
- Decreased respiratory muscle strength and endurance | ||
Hepatic | - Decreased activity of hepatic cholinesterase | |
- Decrease in microsomal demethylation pathway | ||
Renal | - Reduced glomerular filtration rate | |
- Decreased renal blood flow | ||
- Reduction in total body water | ||
Miscellaneous | - Reduced skeletal mass | |
- Reduced cortisol secretion | ||
Cardiac | - Increased myocardial stiffness | |
- Increased aortic impedance | ||
- Increased left atrium size | ||
Vascular | - Increased vascular stiffness | |
- Decreased β-adrenoceptor responsiveness | ||
Drug Disposition | Drug distribution | - Reduced total body water |
- Reduced body mass | ||
- Reduced serum albumin | ||
Renal excretion | - Reduced glomerular filtration rate | |
- Reduced renal blood flow | ||
- Reduced concentrating ability | ||
Hepatic metabolism | - Reduced hepatic blood flow | |
- Reduced activity of microsomal oxidizing system |