Table 1 Patients at high risk [2, 13, 14]
From: Refeeding syndrome – awareness, prevention and management
• Oncology patients |
• Chronic Alcoholism |
• Postoperative patients |
• Anorexia Nervosa |
• Elderly patients (comorbidities, decreased physiological reserve) |
• Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus (electrolyte depletion, diuresis) |
• Chronic Malnutrition |
- Marasmus |
- Prolonged fasting/hypocaloric feeding |
- Morbid obesity with profound weight loss |
- High stress patient unfed for >7 days |
- Malabsorptive syndrome e.g. inflammatory bowel disease, chronic pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, short bowel syndrome |
• Chronic antacid users (Mg/Al salts bind phosphate) |
• Chronic diuretic users (loss of electrolytes) |